Abstract
Unconventional resources will play an important role in future world energy supply. Integration of multidiscipline studies including geophysics, rock physics and geology will help to reduce the drilling risks to development of these resources under complex geological conditions. Full waveform inversion (FWI) is an ideal non-linear optimization approach which has great potential to reconstruct high resolution earth model (acoustic, elastic, anelastic and/or anisotropic parameters) directly from observed seismic records. Rapid progresses have been made to improve the efficiency and stability of FWI for the industry in recent years. I will discuss some common issues in FWI, including data acquisition, model parameterization, forward modeling engine, model search/update and model assessment. Synthetic & real data examples are used to demonstrate several FWI strategies which may better meet the needs of reflection seismic data inversion

Abstract
Migration imaging generally includes integral methods (Kirchhoff migration) and differential methods (wave-equation migration and reverse time migration). Common-image gathers are the products of pre-stack partial migration, representations of seismic image sorted by different surface CDPs. Angle-domain common-image gathers by wave-equation migration can more address the problem of multi-pathing imaging artifacts existing in surface-offset-domain common-image gathers by ray-based Kirchhoff migration, meanwhile, faster than angle-domain common-image gathers by reverse time migration. I implement both space-shift imaging condition and time-shift imaging condition for split-step Fourier migration for subsurface-offset-domain and angle-domain common-image gathers extraction. The transform from subsurface-offset domain to angle domain is by radial-trace transform in frequency-wavenumber domain. In the example, I apply the different imaging conditions to migration in several synthetic constant velocity models showing that both imaging conditions have advantages and limitations for producing common-image gathers taking account of accuracy and efficiency. Incorrect migration velocity causes defocusing in the events of subsurface-offset-domain gathers and nonflatness in the evens of angle-domain gathers which are often used for migration velocity updates. The potential application of angle-domain common-image gathers could be in the areas of migration velocity analysis, tomographic velocity inversion and amplitude-versus-angle analysis.

Abstract
We proposed and performed how to compute the seismic reflection dispersion signatures due to wave induced fluid flow in generally porous, dissipative media including heterogeneities. The resulting poroelastic reflection coefficients is strongly affected by mesoscopic fluid flow, while the Biot flow impact is negligible. Theoretical modeling results suggest that variation of heterogeneity size, rock permeability and fluid viscosity can significantly affect the seismic dispersion signatures. The approaches we present here may form a basis for a significant advance in employing the quantitative dissipation-related seismic attributes to estimate heterogeneity properties and fluid mobility information.

Abstract
The hypothesis of my proposed research is to test the dependence of kerogen and its maturity on seismic properties. Kerogen maturity changes shale texture; for example, it leads to microcracks and fractures in the matrix. The idea is to understand how the kerogen maturation changes the microstructure, porosity, and elastic properties of a source rock. We also isolated the kerogen from the rock and measured the elastic properties of matured and immature kerogen.

I am going to show the results on Green River shale. I measured the ultrasonic velocities, porosity, microstructure with SEM, and micro CT scan. Carried out anhydrous pyrolysis on the immature sample and repeated the same above measurements. I am also going to show the elastic properties of an immature (Green River shale) and mature (Irati shale) kerogen isolated from shales.

Abstract
Based on anisotropic elastic theory and observation of static mechanic measurement of VTI rocks or rock-like VTI materials, we reasoned that one of the three primary Poisson?s ratios of VTI rocks should always be bigger than the other two and they should be positive. From these relations we derived strict physical constraints on c13 and Thomsen parameter d. Some of the published data from lab velocity anisotropy measurement are lying outside of the constraints, we analyzed that it is primarily caused by the big uncertainty associated with the diagonal velocity measurement. These physical constraints will be useful for our understanding of Thomsen parameter d and predicting d from non-diagonal measurement.